
In an effort to complement its original, albeit large capacity, A-300 on thinner sectors with an inexpensive, minimally replicated copy and thereby expand its product range, Airbus Industrie explored the short-fuselage version, labeled βA-310.β
A consortium of European aircraft manufacturers headquartered in Toulouse, France, Airbus Industrie itself arose from the fact that the design and marketing of an advanced wide-body airliner freed up the financial strength of any one European company, the principle of which included de Havilland with the comets DH.106, Vickers with the VC-10, Hawker Siddeley with a trident HS.121 and the British Aviation Corporation with BAC-111 in the United Kingdom and Sud-Aviation with SE.210 Caravelle and Dassault-Breguet with the Mercure 100 in France.
The initial joint design of the A-300 not only signaled its launch as an aircraft manufacturer, but also about the aircraft and the concept it represented β a large-scale, wide-body twin-engine Airbus. Intended to compete with Boeing and, in particular, with its still-supposed 767, it provided an alternative for non-US continental carriers and a basis on which to build a European range of commercial products, proposing the first major problem for both Boeing and and for McDonnell- Douglas.
Designed for short and medium range deployment, reliably high throughput, the aircraft is equipped with a wide-body fuselage connected to two turbofans with a high bypass ratio, which threaten power and reliability combined with a high-rise wing, were its key design elements.
Because of the need to use a third powerplant, characteristic of the 727, DC-10 and L-1011, the twin-engine configuration has led to numerous economic benefits, including reducing structural and gross weights, reducing maintenance costs, eliminating the additional fuel lines required, introducing simplified construction and reduced seat costs.
The aerodynamic design with two engines was also considered in several advantages. Wings that are set farther ahead than is possible using a three-body configuration have increased the torque arm between the turbo-fan turrets / center of gravity and its tail, which requires smaller horizontal and vertical stabilizers to maintain longitudinal and vertical axle control and indirectly reduce structural mass and resistance, but at the same time maintaining certified control under single-engine losses, asymmetrical constant conditions.
Developed by the Hawker Siddeley team in Hatfield, a 28-degree sweptback, a supercritical wing built from the front and rear full and middle hemispheres, produced most of its rise over its rear part, delaying the formation of the shock wave and reducing the burden.
The low-speed elevator was supplemented with full-length slats with a front cockpit for pilots, which increased the aircraft's payload by about Β£ 2,000, as well as closed rear edges of Fowler, which increased to 70 percent their movement before turning into profiles that increase camber, which led to an increase in 25 percent chord.
One of the reasons for the reliability of the engine was the integration of the auxiliary unit into the main electrical, air-conditioning and start-up systems, providing immediate backup in case of engine failure at altitudes up to 30,000 feet.
The A-300 widescreen fuselage provided the same degree of comfort and carrying capacity of the double-passable standard LD3 trunk and cargo containers as the four-cylinder 747 engine and the three-engine DC-10 and L-1011.
In an effort to exploit these strengths of the project, but reducing passenger traffic from the fuselage perspective and expanding its market application, Airbus Industrie conceptually examined and proposed nine potential aircraft of various power, range and number of power plants and designated A-300 platform. .
It was the tenth, but designated A-300B10, which was best served by carriers. passenger liner requirements for 200 passengers for segments with insufficient demand for support of their larger counterpart and for those that deserve additional frequencies, for example, during off-hours. In addition to the original original prototype A-300B1 and the three-frame longer A-300B2, the aircraft offered only one basic fuselage length, the power of which was partially credited to the initially sluggish sales.
Although the inexpensive βminimal changeβ A-300B10MC βwith minimal changesβ meant mating a shorter fuselage with an existing wing, powerplants and tail plan, there would be few technical obstacles, it would be resolved in an aircraft proportionally too small and heavy for aircraft A-300, Original surface. After a lower structural weight, he would suggest insufficient domestic volume for income-generating passenger, cargo, and mail traffic to overshadow his direct operating costs (DOC).
Balancing both the excellent performance and the minimized cost of program development, Airbus Industrie considered two possible approaches:
1). A-300B10X, which used the new wing, developed by the combined British aerospace equipment in Hatfield with smaller leading and rear cranes, high-lifting devices.
2). A-300B10Y, which used the existing A-300 wing with some configurations.
Lufthansa, the prospective launch customer, was strongly in favor of the former approach because of the reduced costs associated with a redesigned, more advanced aerodynamic profile, and together with Swissair, who was equally considering an order for type, detailed specifications. Placing deposits at 16 A-300B10, which are currently renamed A-310, in July 1978, both airlines were expecting final configuration by next March.
The aircraft, which had a 12-frame shorter fuselage for 767-like 245-passenger seats, first appeared at the Hannover air show in the form of a model.
Its wing, which holds the 28-degree pendulum of the A-300, showed a shorter span and a subsequent reduced area of ββ16 percent, excluding its center, semi-pattern and, therefore, offering an equal distribution of the front and rear spars, The spars themselves with a greater depth of 50% were stronger, but reduced the structural weight by more than five tons. Its reworked form, requiring a new central section, introduced a double curved profile, its metal curved both in a circle and in the course, requiring the creation of manufacturing techniques for manufacturing crushers.
Enlarged chords and front blades, which require a new cut above the engine pylon, have improved performance, while the previous panels with Fowler closing front edges were integrated into a single-segment with increased backward movement. Two external panels, also combined into one panel, reduce the slope.
Side control, no longer requiring suspended aileron A-300, was supported by internal ailerons, working in conjunction with spoilers.
In the tail section, a smaller version of the A-300, a decrease in the distance between the upper surface of the elevator and the horizontal stabilizer was shown in order to reduce resistance, and the modified tail slit optimized the interior cabin volume.
The powerplant options included 48,000 General Electric CF6-80A1 traction pounds and the Pratt and Whitney JT9D-7R4D1 evenly driven, while the Rolls Royce RB.211-524D was optionally available, although no carrier had ever specified it.
Both potential launch customers, around which the angle specification was formed, placed orders, Swissair ordered 10 Pratt and Whitney airplanes on March 15, 1979, Lufthansa placed 25 rules 25 and option orders for a common power supply on April 1, and KLM Royal Dutch Airlines order with ten proprietary and ten options in two days, as well as for the General Electric version, which meant the official launch of the program.
Then three basic versions were provided, varying according to the range: short-range, 2000-mile A-310-100; average range, 3000 miles A-310-200; and the furthest, 3500-mile A-310-300.
The final assembly of the first two A-310-200 aircraft with Pratt and Whitney with design numbers (c / n) 162 and 163 began at the Aerospatiale plant in Toulouse in the winter of 1981β1982, continuing and not reinitializing the A-300 production line numbering sequence . The main sections, components, parts and power plants were manufactured by eight major aerospace companies: Deutsche Airbus (main parts of the fuselage, vertical fin and rudder), Aerospatiale (front fuselage, cockpit, lower central fuselage and engine pylons, British Aerospace (wings), CASA (doors and horizontal tail), Fokker (moving wing surfaces), Belairbus (also moving wing surfaces), General Electric (engines) and Pratt and Whitney (also engines). Fokker and Belairbus were associated members of Airbus Industrie.
The transfer to the final assembly site was provided by a fleet of four, 4.912-shaft horsepower Allison 501-D22C with Aero Spacelines Super Guppys turboprop engine, which was based on the original four-cylinder B-377 Stratocruiser four-piston aircraft, requiring eight full 45 hours in the air and covering about 8,000 miles to complete the A-310. Transports have been renamed βAirbus Skylinksβ.
The situation for A-310 customers, including thermal and noise insulation; facing walls, floors and doors; ceiling, overhead storages and partitions; and the galley, the toilet and the seat, in accordance with the specifications of the airlines class, density and fabrics, colors and motifs, occurred in Hamburg Finkenwerder, where all aircraft were sent from Toulouse.
The first A-310, registered F-WZLH and wearing Lufthansa, located on the left side, and the creation to the right of Swissair, was released on February 16, 1982. Powered by the Pratt and Whitney turbofans, it only differed from production aircraft in internal test equipment and retained dual, low and high speed Aileron A-300 configurations.
However, superficially resembling the smaller A-300, it included several design configurations.
The 13-frame fuselage with a short fuselage, providing a total length of 153.1 feet, included a reworked tail and an overloaded pressure barrier, resulting in only 11 frames shorter in the cabin, and access was provided by four main passenger / caboose doors and two emergency exits with an oversize of 1. These measured four feet, 6 3/4 inches tall, two feet, 2 1/2 inches wide.
The wing of the A-310, a two-bladed, multi-ribbed metal construction with upper and lower load-bearing skins, introduced aluminum alloys of new purity into the upper layer and stringers, which is reflected in 660-pound weight, but otherwise retained larger ribs and distances A-300 . Compared with the lower fuselage curve, located under its lower root, the aerodynamic profile had a greater chord thickness value of 11.8, unlike its predecessor 10.5, reducing the amount of interference from wing to hull usually occurring at high Mach numbers, however, it provided sufficient depth at the very root to carry the required loads with the lowest possible structural weight and at the same time provided the largest amount of built-in fuel tank.
The low-speed lift was achieved using three front panels and one Kruger shutter, located between the innermost lining and the root, and with the closed, rear edges of the Fowler and one outer panel of the Fowler.
Although the first two A-310s retained their suspended, low-speed A-300 ailerons, they quickly demonstrated their redundancy, roll control, supported by high-speed trailing edge ailerons, supplemented by three electrically activated external spoilers that stretched along an inclined wing. Four internal spoilers served as air brakes, while all seven on the wing, extended after landing, served as lifting trucks.
Air to divert air or one that provides protection against icing from an auxiliary power unit (APU).
Pilot pylons were located further than the comparable A-300, and the gondolas came forward forward.
With a 144-foot span, the wings covered an area of ββ2,357.3 square feet and had an aspect ratio of 8.8.
Although the A-310 retained the normal A-300 tail, it showed a decrease in the horizontal stabilizer, from 55.7 to 53.4 feet, with a corresponding loss from 748.1 to 688.89 square feet, and its vertical fined total the height of the aircraft is 51.10 feet.
The power was provided by two 48,000 Pratt and Whitney JT9D-7R4D1 pounds or two 48,000 General Electric CF6-80A1 high-range turbo fans with a wide range, each supported by existing pylons, and the useful fuel was 14,509 US gallons.
The hydraulically driven three-wheeled undercarriage consisted of a two-wheeled, reverse suction, a steerable nose wheel and two, two tandem, side aft, anti-slip, main Messier-Bugatti blocks. Their carbon brakes are allowed to drop 1,200 pounds.
The Garrett GTCP 331-250's lighter, lighter, and quieter auxiliary power unit provided lower fuel consumption than the one used by the A-300, and on board the aircraft were three independent 3000 psi hydraulic systems.
The A-310 cockpit, based on its predecessor, used the latest avionics technology and electronic displays, and traced its origins to October 6, 1981 before the first crew of the cockpit (FFCC) A-300, which removed the third, or flight engineer, position resulting in certification under this standard after a three-month 150-hour textual flight program. This aircraft, which became the first wide-body airliner, was operated by a crew of two people.
The most visually identical advancement of the flight deck, in addition to the number of crew members needed, was the replacement of many traditional analog dials and instruments with screens with 6, 27 square millimeters, interchangeable screens with a cathode ray tube (CRT) to reduce both physical and mental work subdivided into an electronic flight system (EFIS) and an electronic centralized aviation monitor (ECAM), which either displayed the information that was needed, or was requested by the crew, but m used the philosophy of a dark screen. The severity of the malfunction was indicated in white, indicating that something had been turned off, yellow signifies a potentially necessary action, and a red alarm immediately required action in conjunction with an audible warning.
Of the six display screens, the primary flight display (PFD), which was duplicated for both the captain and the first officer, and the navigation display (ND), which was equally duplicated, belonged to the Electronic Flight System, while the warning Display (WD) and system display (SD) are related to the electronic centralized monitor of the aircraft.
The primary flight display, displayed in several modes, was, for example, an electronic image of an artificial horizon, to the left of which there was a linear scale indicating critical periods, such as shaker, minimum, minimal flap removal and maneuver, and to its right were height parameters .
On the screen of the navigation display, located below the screen of the main display, there were also several modes. Its map mode, for example, allowed you to display several parts and scales of a compass, for example, an upper arc divided by degrees, indicating conditional deviations of the path, wind, tuned VOR / DME, weather radar, selected course, true and indicative airspeeds, course and remaining distance to waypoints, primary and secondary flight plans, upper and lower deviations, and vertical deviations.
The autopilot had full control for automatic category 2 approaches, including single-engine overshoots, with the possibility of additional category 3 auto-lock.
The collective electronic centralized aviation monitor, in which the two display screens were located on the lower left and right sides of the central panel, continued to screen over 500 pieces of information, indicating or warning about anomalies, with charts and diagrams appearing only during the flight phase corresponding to the interview, in combination with any necessary and corrective actions. The Systems display, located on the right, could display any pattern chosen by a member of the cockpit crew, at any time, for example, in the hydraulic system, aileron position and flaps.
ΠΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ (FMS).
Π‘ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ 701 ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ°, ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½Π° Π² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ , Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²Π·Π»Π΅Ρ, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡ, Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π·Π°Ρ Π²Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΡ, Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ Π·Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ / ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ VOR ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π°Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
Π‘ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Arinc 703, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ N1 ΠΈ / ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ (EPR), ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ³ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ³ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ³ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Π° Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ.
Π ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ², A-310 Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±Π°ΠΉΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ.
Π‘ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ·Π΅Π»ΡΠΆΠ° A-300, A-310 ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Ρ 109,1 ΡΡΡΠ°, 17,4-ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ 7 3/4 Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠ°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΎ 7 416 Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π³ΡΠΎΠΌΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ-, ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ-, Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ- ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Ρ-ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠΌ-ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°, ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ / ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. Π’ΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ°Π½ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ 20 ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ , Π΄Π²ΡΡ -Π΄Π²ΡΡ -Π΄Π²ΡΡ , ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠΌ 40 Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ 200 Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ , Π΄Π²ΡΡ -ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ -Π΄Π²ΡΡ , ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° 32-Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 29 ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ 212 ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ-ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ / 40-Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ-ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ / 32-Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 31 Π΄ΠΎ 32 Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ², Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ 280-ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ 30-Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π³.
Π‘ΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³Π°Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π²Π΅ Π³Π°Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅, Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄ Π±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ, ββΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ±Π° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 25 ΡΡΡΠΎΠ², Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ 1/2 Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π° ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² LD3, Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»Π° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ 16 ΡΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ 6 1/4 Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² LD3. ΠΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ 3,605 ΠΊΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ±Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ ΠΎΡ 1776 ΠΊΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅, 1218 Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅ ΠΈ 611 Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π» ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ (ULD) , Π³ΡΡΠ·.
ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ General Electric CF6-80C2A2 ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° 220 ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ², A-310-200 ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π» ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΡ 72 439 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π·Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ 313 050 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ 271 150 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½, Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π° 200-ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ» 4200 ΠΌΠΈΠ»Ρ.
ΠΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏ A-310-200, Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ-ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π¦ΠΈΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π» Π½Π° Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎ 3 Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ 1982 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Pratt ΠΈ Whitney JT9D ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ» ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ 15 -ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²ΡΠ»Π°Π·ΠΊΠ°, Π·Π° ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π»Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° 0,77 ΠΠ°Ρ Π° ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΡΡ 31 000 ΡΡΡΠΎΠ². Π§Π΅ΡΠ΅Π· 11 Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 210 Π±ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².
ΠΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏ, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ F-WZLI, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Pratt ΠΈ Whitney, Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π» 3 ΠΌΠ°Ρ, Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ 45-ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ, Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ General Electric CF6, ΠΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ², Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ , ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ Ρ Π-300 ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ. Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΠ°Ρ Π° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 0,78 Π΄ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 0,805, Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ° Π±ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° 2000 ΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ-Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΡ Π½Π° 24 250 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅.
11 ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° 1983 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° Airbus A-310 ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ» ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Pratt, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Whitney ΠΈ General Electric, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ 2, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π² Lufthansa German Airlines ΠΈ Swissair 29 ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π² Π’ΡΠ»ΡΠ·Π΅. ΠΠ½ ΡΡΠ°Π» Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π° A-300.
Lufthansa, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° 11 ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² A-300B2 ΠΈ -B4s ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΏ Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π»Π΅Ρ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄, Ρ 1 Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ 1976 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ· Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ½, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ A-310-200 12 Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ 1983 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΡ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎ Π¨ΡΡΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΠ°, Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΎΡ ΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π²Ρ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠΏ Π² ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ½. ΠΠ½ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ» Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ A-300B2.
Swissair, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Lufthansa, ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ°Π» Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅, ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ» A-310 Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠΏΡΡΡΡ, 21 Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ· Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² Π¦ΡΡΠΈΡ Π΅, Π° ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅Π²Π΅, ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ Π² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ , Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ , ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ DC-9.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π²Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π΄Π²Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π²Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ±Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ A-310-200C, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ» Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Martinair Holland 29 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1984 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°.
Π 31 ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° 1985 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° 56 ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² A-310, ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
13 ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π±Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ 103 400 ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π° 60 000 ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°Ρ, 43 ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡ.
Π‘ΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ A-310-100, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ A-310-300.
ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 1983 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π°.
ΠΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΠ»ΡΠ΅Π², Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ 55 Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°, Π²ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π΅Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π΅, ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° Π½Π° 1,5 ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π£ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 1 Π°Π²Π³ΡΡΡΠ° 1984 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°.
Π£Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠ°Π·Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ββΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π±Π°ΠΊ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊ Π±Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡΠ»Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ± ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΠ»Π° Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° 12-16 -ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΠΊΠΎΡΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ·Π΅Π»ΡΠΆΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ»Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ Concorde, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΡΠ»Π°, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΆΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° Π² Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅.
ΠΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 310 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ². A-310 Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ ββΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° 16 133 Π³Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π¨Π, Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ² ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° 1,922 Π³Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π¨Π.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ (ETOPS), Π²ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (EROPS), ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ±Π΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅ APU Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΡ.
ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² General Electric CF6-80C2A8 ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡ 220 ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°, A-310-300 ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π» Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ 71 403 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π·Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ 330 675 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠΉ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° 4 948 ΠΌΠΈΠ»Ρ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ 8 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1985 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΡΠΈΠΏ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Pratt ΠΈ Whitney JT9D-7R4E ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΡΠΏΡΡΡΡ, 5 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠΉ General Electric CF6-80C2 ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° Π² Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ 1986 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°.
Π§Π΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² A-310 Swissair, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ , ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ -300 ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ.
A-310-300 Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ 1991 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΉ, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π°ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ A-300, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΆΠ°, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ: Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Boeing 707 ΠΈ McDonnell-Douglas DC-8; Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Boeing 727 Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡΡ; Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° DC-10 ΠΈ L-1011 TriStar Π½Π° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°Ρ ; Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° Π-300 Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ; ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠΉ Π-300 Π² Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ; ΠΈ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Boeing 767, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Airbus Industrie ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΏ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ: Β«ΠΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ A-310 Π΄ΠΎ 5000 ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ»Ρ (9 600 ΠΊΠΌ) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π»ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ·Π΅Π»ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° Β».
Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°ΠΏΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π-310-200 Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ 1985 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΡ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ 3250-ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Ρ ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ EROPS, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π·Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΠ°Π½ ΠΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ» 3,300 ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ ΠΡΡ-ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ° / JFK Π΄ΠΎ ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ±ΡΡΠ³ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Π΅.
Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° A-310-200 ΡΡΠ°Π» Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΠ»Π°, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ Π² Thai Airways International, Π° A-310-300 Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π² 346 125 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ 5,466-ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 361,560 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ 5,926-ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½, Π²ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ General Electric. Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ Pratt ΠΈ Whitney Ρ ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ARO-310-300 Ρ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ JT9D-7R4E, ΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ EROPS, Π±ΡΠ» Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΠΈΡ 21 ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° 1986 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° Ρ 242 ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 337 300 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° 4500 ΠΌΠΈΠ»Ρ.
Π ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ A-310 ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 250 000 ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠ² A-310-200, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ A-310-P2F ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ EADS EFW Π² ΠΡΠ΅Π·Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅, ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π° Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Π΄Π²Π΅ΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ 11 96 Ρ 125-Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 16 88 Ρ 125-Π΄ΡΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ±Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ±Π΅, Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² LD3 ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ±Π΅. Π‘ Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ 89508 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²Π·Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 313 055 ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°Π±Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» 10 665 ΠΊΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°.
ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ 255 ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² A-310, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ A-310-300 UK-31003, Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π» 6 Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π»Ρ 1998 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ» Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ Π² Uzbekistan Airways Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅, 15 ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ. Π₯ΠΎΡΡ Airbus Industrie ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ - Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ·Π΅Π»ΡΠΆΠ° A-330, A-330-500, Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ A-310, Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅, ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π» Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ.

