Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) - what is it and how to treat it?

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) is a joint that connects the upper jaw (upper jaw) with the lower jaw (lower jaw bone). The connection is a sliding ball and a connector with a disc in between. The primary muscles in the area are the massager and the temporal part, which allow the jaws to open, close and move sideways. This joint is used throughout the day, especially in biting, chewing, talking and yawning. This is one of the most commonly used joints in the body.

GENERAL REASONS

TMJ syndrome, otherwise known as myofacial pain dysfunction and costen syndrome, can be a complex condition that can include inflammation of muscles, tendons and ligaments or structural damage to the bones, disc or joint. Because muscles and joints work together, a problem with one can lead to stiffness, headaches, ear pain, occlusion problems (improper bite), clicking sounds, or closed jaws. The main cause of TMZ can be excessive use caused by chewing gum, grinding or clenching of teeth, or stress. Trauma to the area or displaced teeth or jaw can also cause problems. TMJ is a large chronic disease caused over time, but it can sometimes manifest itself as acute, in particular when it is caused by an accident.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Common signs and symptoms include headaches, ear pain, dizziness, full feeling in the ear, sounds like shredding, crunching, popping or ringing sounds that may or may not be accompanied by pain.

EVALUATION / TESTING

The test to help determine if a client with TMJ is present is to place one or two fingers in the area of ​​the ear triangle. Move them to the front a bit and ask the client to open and close the jaw. If there is any pain, or if there is concomitant popping out, grinding, or clicking the joint, it would be advisable to refer them to a general practitioner or dentist to diagnose the problem. The client will need to learn about any clinging or grinding teeth and the stress they experience. Clients should also be advised to avoid opening the jaw too wide. Further referral to a psychologist to help manage stress can be helpful.

TREATMENT

TMJ treatment includes passive opening and closing of the jaw, massage of the muscles involved, including trigger points, and heat / cold therapy. Ischemic pressure in the area will help rekindle the area and promote healing. Anti-inflammatory or steroids may be prescribed by a general practitioner, or dental work / surgery may be required for structural conditions. Oxal therapy can also be used, where a custom-made acrylic device that is suitable for teeth is prescribed for night use. Left untreated, TMJ can lead to permanent wearing of teeth, disc or bones. Damage to the bones can also lead to osteoarthritis in the joint or the inability to open or close the jaw, otherwise known as a trap.

MASSAGE

It has been shown that massage is very useful in the treatment of TMJ. All this showed positive results such methods as myofascial release, trigger therapy and relaxing massage. A practitioner should focus on the pectoral minor, sternoclaid mastoid, scallose, temporal and mastoid muscles in particular.

ADDITIONAL CONSULTATION / REFERENCE

It would be helpful to consult a general practitioner, dentist or psychologist. Patients should be advised to use heat / cold therapy, where applicable, and to have egg-shaped clenched jaws, grinding teeth, cutting gums, eating solid foods, or opening their mouths too wide.